How to Calculate Backing Fabric for a Quilt: A Step-by-Step Guide

Calculating the right amount of backing fabric for a quilt can be a daunting task for quilters of all skill levels. Without proper planning, you may end up with a backing that is too small or too large, leading to frustration and wasted time and money. However, with the right tools and knowledge, calculating the perfect amount of fabric can be a breeze.

One of the most important factors to consider when calculating backing fabric for a quilt is the size of the quilt top. The backing fabric should be at least 3-4 inches larger than the quilt top on all sides to allow for quilting and binding. Additionally, the width of the fabric bolt should also be taken into account, as this will affect the amount of fabric needed.

Fortunately, there are several online calculators and formulas available to help determine the right amount of backing fabric needed for a quilt. These tools take into account the size of the quilt top, the width of the fabric bolt, and any additional overage desired. With the right calculations, quilters can confidently purchase the perfect amount of fabric for their quilting project.

Understanding Quilt Sizes

Before calculating how much backing fabric you need for your quilt, it’s important to understand the standard quilt sizes. Knowing the standard sizes will help you determine how much fabric you need for the quilt top, batting, and backing.

Standard Quilt Sizes

The following table shows the standard quilt sizes for various types of quilts:

It’s important to note that these are just standard sizes, and you can make your quilt any size you like. However, if you are making a quilt for a specific bed or purpose, it’s a good idea to measure the bed or space to determine the appropriate size.

Quilt Top Size

The size of your quilt top will determine how much backing fabric you need. If your quilt top is wider than the fabric you plan to use for the backing, you will need to piece the backing fabric together.

Batting Size

The batting should be the same size as the quilt top. However, some quilters prefer to cut the batting slightly larger than the quilt top to allow for shrinkage during quilting.

Backing Fabric Size

To determine the size of the backing fabric you need, add 8 inches to both the length and width of the quilt top. For example, if your quilt top is 60 x 80 inches, you will need a backing fabric that is at least 68 x 88 inches. This will allow for 4 inches of overhang on all sides of the quilt.

If the backing fabric you plan to use is not wide enough for the quilt top, you will need to piece the fabric together. Use a horizontal seam if possible, as this will reduce the amount of fabric needed and make it easier to quilt.

By understanding the standard quilt sizes and the size of your quilt top and batting, you can easily calculate how much backing fabric you need for your quilt.

Essential Tools for Measuring Fabric

When it comes to measuring fabric for a quilt backing, having the right tools can make all the difference. Here are some essential tools to have on hand:

Measuring Tape

A measuring tape is a must-have tool for measuring fabric. It is flexible and can wrap around curves, making it ideal for measuring irregular shapes. A good quality measuring tape should have clear markings and be at least 60 inches long.

Rotary Cutter and Mat

A rotary cutter and mat are useful for cutting fabric to the correct size. The mat is placed under the fabric and the rotary cutter is used to cut the fabric to the desired size. This method is faster and more accurate than using scissors.

Ruler

A ruler is another essential tool for measuring fabric. A clear acrylic ruler with a non-slip backing is ideal. It should be at least 24 inches long and have clear markings for easy measuring.

Calculator

A calculator is useful for determining how much fabric is needed for a quilt backing. There are many online calculators available, such as the Quilter’s Paradise Backing and Batting Calculator and the Designed to Quilt Backing Calculator.

Fabric Pen or Pencil

A fabric pen or pencil is useful for marking fabric when measuring and cutting. A water-soluble pen or chalk pencil is a good choice, as it can easily be removed with water or a fabric eraser.

Iron and Ironing Board

An iron and ironing board are essential for pressing fabric before measuring and cutting. Pressing the fabric ensures that it is free from wrinkles and lays flat, making it easier to measure and cut accurately.

Having these essential tools on hand will make measuring fabric for a quilt backing easier and more accurate.

Calculating Backing Fabric Dimensions

Calculating the dimensions of the backing fabric for a quilt is an important step in the quilting process. The backing fabric should be larger than the quilt top to allow for quilting and binding. Calculating the correct amount of fabric needed for the backing can save time and money.

To calculate the dimensions of the backing fabric, the quilter needs to know the size of the quilt top, the usable width of the fabric, and the desired overhang. The usable width of the fabric is the width of the fabric after the selvages have been removed.

One method to calculate the dimensions of the backing fabric is to use a quilt backing calculator. These calculators can be found online and are easy to use. The user inputs the size of the quilt top, the usable width of the fabric, and the desired overhang, and the calculator provides the dimensions of the backing fabric needed.

Another method to calculate the dimensions of the backing fabric is to use a formula. The formula is as follows:

Backing fabric width = Quilt top width + (2 x desired overhang) + 4 inches

Backing fabric length = Quilt top length + (2 x desired overhang) + 4 inches

The desired overhang is the amount of fabric that hangs over the edge of the quilt top. It is recommended to have at least 4 inches of overhang on all sides of the quilt top. This allows for quilting and binding and ensures that the backing fabric will not be too small for the quilt top.

It is important to note that the width of the fabric bolt is usually between 42-44 inches. If the quilt top is larger than the usable width of the fabric, the backing fabric will need to be pieced together. Seams should run parallel to the longest side of the quilt top to minimize stress on the seams during quilting.

Overall, calculating the dimensions of the backing fabric for a quilt is a crucial step in the quilting process. By using a quilt backing calculator or a formula, quilters can ensure that they have enough fabric for the backing and avoid running out of fabric during the quilting process.

Fabric Width and Quilt Backing

When it comes to calculating the fabric needed for quilt backing, the width of the fabric plays a crucial role. Most quilting cotton fabrics come in a standard width of 42-44 inches. However, wider fabrics are also available, such as 108-inch wide backing fabrics.

Using a wider fabric can be a good option as it reduces the number of seams needed to join the pieces of fabric for the backing. This can make the quilting process more efficient and also create a more visually appealing quilt back.

It is important to note that when using a wider fabric, the length of the fabric needed for the backing will be less than when using a narrower fabric. For example, a quilt that measures 90 inches by 90 inches will require 8 yards of 44-inch wide fabric for the backing, while only 3 yards of 108-inch wide fabric will be needed for the same size quilt.

When using a narrower fabric, it may be necessary to piece together multiple lengths of fabric to create the backing. In this case, it is important to add extra fabric to account for the seam allowances. A general rule of thumb is to add 4-6 inches to both the length and the width of the quilt top to ensure there is enough fabric to cover the entire quilt and account for any shifting during the quilting process.

In summary, when calculating the fabric needed for quilt backing, the width of the fabric is an important factor to consider. Using a wider fabric can reduce the number of seams needed and create a more visually appealing quilt back. However, when using a narrower fabric, it is important to add extra fabric to account for seam allowances and ensure there is enough fabric to cover the entire quilt.

Seam Allowance for Quilt Backing

When piecing together the backing fabric for a quilt, it’s important to consider the seam allowance. The seam allowance is the amount of fabric that is included in the seam when two pieces of fabric are sewn together.

A standard seam allowance for quilting is 1/4 inch. This means that when two pieces of fabric are sewn together, 1/4 inch of each piece is included in the seam. It’s important to keep this in mind when calculating the amount of fabric needed for the backing.

For example, if the quilt top measures 60 inches by 80 inches, and the seam allowance is 1/4 inch, the backing fabric should be cut to 64 inches by 84 inches. This allows for the 1/4 inch seam allowance on each side of the quilt.

It’s also important to note that when piecing together the backing fabric, the seam allowance should be pressed open to reduce bulk. This helps to ensure that the quilt lays flat and does not have any lumps or bumps in the backing fabric.

By taking the seam allowance into consideration when calculating the amount of fabric needed for the backing, and pressing the seams open when piecing the fabric together, quilters can ensure that the finished quilt looks neat and professional.

Calculating Additional Fabric for Pattern Matching

When working with patterned fabrics, it’s important to calculate additional fabric for pattern matching. This ensures that the pattern on the backing fabric matches up with the pattern on the quilt top, creating a cohesive and professional look.

To calculate the additional fabric needed for pattern matching, measure the repeat of the fabric pattern. The repeat is the distance between where the pattern starts and where it starts again. This measurement is usually listed on the fabric’s label.

Once you have the repeat measurement, add it to the length and width of the quilt top. This will give you the total length and width of fabric needed for pattern matching. Then, follow the same steps as calculating the backing fabric to determine how much additional fabric is needed.

It’s important to note that when calculating additional fabric for pattern matching, it’s always better to err on the side of caution and purchase more fabric than you think you’ll need. This will give you some wiggle room in case of mistakes or unforeseen issues during the quilting process.

By taking the time to calculate additional fabric for pattern matching, you’ll ensure that your finished quilt looks polished and professional, with a seamless pattern that flows from the quilt top to the backing fabric.

Piecing Backing Fabric

Piecing backing fabric is a great way to use up extra fabric and create a unique and custom quilt. However, it is important to calculate the amount of fabric needed for piecing to ensure that you have enough fabric and minimize waste.

To piece backing fabric, first, determine the size of the quilt top. Measure the length and width of the quilt top and add 8 inches to both measurements. This will provide enough fabric for the quilt top to be centered on the backing fabric, with 4 inches of extra fabric on each side.

Next, determine the number of pieces needed to create the backing fabric. This will depend on the width of the fabric you are using. If the fabric is 44 inches wide, you will need to piece together two or three pieces of fabric. If the fabric is 108 inches wide, you may only need to piece one or two pieces of fabric.

When piecing together the fabric, use a ½ inch seam allowance to increase stability. Press the seams open to reduce bulk. If there is excess fabric around the edges of the quilt back, trim it down to your desired quilt backing size.

By piecing backing fabric, you can create a unique and custom quilt while minimizing waste. With careful measurements and planning, you can ensure that you have enough fabric for your project.

Cutting and Preparing the Backing Fabric

Squaring the Fabric

Before cutting the backing fabric, it is crucial to ensure that the fabric is squared. This means that the selvage edges are straightened, and the fabric is cut at a right angle to the selvage edges. To square the fabric, follow these steps:

1. Fold the fabric in half lengthwise with the selvage edges aligned.
2. Smooth out any wrinkles or folds in the fabric.
3. Align the cut edges of the fabric, making sure that they are straight and even.
4. Use a rotary cutter and ruler to trim off the selvage edges.
5. Measure the width of the fabric to ensure that it is consistent throughout the length of the fabric.

By squaring the fabric, you will ensure that the backing fabric is straight and even, which will make it easier to sew and quilt.

Ironing the Backing Fabric

Once the fabric is squared, it is important to iron it before cutting. Ironing the fabric will remove any wrinkles or creases that may have formed during storage or transportation. Follow these steps to iron the backing fabric:

1. Lay the fabric out on an ironing board or other flat surface.
2. Use a spray bottle filled with water to mist the fabric lightly.
3. Set the iron to the appropriate temperature for the fabric type.
4. Iron the fabric, starting at one end and working your way to the other end.
5. Pay special attention to the edges of the fabric, making sure that they are pressed flat and even.

Ironing the fabric will ensure that it is smooth and wrinkle-free, which will make it easier to cut and sew. It will also help the fabric to lay flat during the quilting process, which will result in a more even and professional-looking finished product.

Attaching the Backing to the Quilt Sandwich

Once the quilt sandwich is complete, it’s time to attach the backing to the quilt top and batting. There are several methods to do this, and the choice depends on personal preference and the size of the quilt.

The easiest way to attach the backing is by using safety pins. Lay the quilt sandwich flat on a large surface and smooth out any wrinkles or bumps. Start from the center and work your way outwards, pinning every 3-4 inches. Make sure the pins go through all three layers of the quilt sandwich.

Another method is to baste the layers together using a long running stitch. This can be done by hand or with a sewing machine. Start from the center and work your way outwards, making sure the layers are smooth and flat as you go. Remove the pins as you baste.

Once the backing is attached, trim the excess fabric to about 1 inch from the edge of the quilt top. This will make it easier to bind the quilt later on.

It’s important to note that the backing fabric should be slightly larger than the quilt top and batting to allow for any shifting or movement during the quilting process. The Quilt Backing Calculator by Designed to Quilt [1] can help determine the correct size of backing fabric needed for a quilt.

By following these steps, the backing will be securely attached to the quilt sandwich and ready for quilting.

Final Considerations Before Quilting

Before starting the quilting process, there are a few final considerations to keep in mind to ensure a successful project.

Double Check Measurements

Double-checking all measurements is essential to ensure that the backing fabric fits the quilt top correctly. Any errors in the measurements can result in a poorly fitting backing fabric, which can cause problems during the quilting process.

Choose the Right Batting

Choosing the right batting is crucial for the quilt’s warmth, weight, and overall appearance. The batting can be made of polyester, cotton, wool, or bamboo, and each material has its properties, such as stiffness, thickness, washing guidelines, and stitching parameters. Therefore, it is essential to choose the right batting according to the quilt’s purpose and design.

Consider the Quilting Method

The quilting method used can also affect the backing fabric’s size and shape. For example, if the quilt is hand-quilted, the backing fabric may need to be slightly larger to accommodate the quilting stitches. On the other hand, if the quilt is machine-quilted, the backing fabric may not need to be as large.

Don’t Forget the Selvages

When calculating the backing fabric’s size, it is important to remember to include the selvages in the measurements. The selvages are the finished edges of the fabric, and they can vary in width. Including the selvages in the measurements can help ensure that the backing fabric is the correct size and shape.

Consider the Fabric’s Pattern

Finally, it is essential to consider the fabric’s pattern when choosing the backing fabric. The backing fabric should complement the quilt top’s design and color scheme. Choosing a backing fabric that clashes with the quilt top can detract from the overall appearance of the finished quilt.

By considering these final factors, quilters can ensure that the backing fabric fits the quilt top correctly and complements the overall design.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do I determine the amount of fabric needed for quilt backing?

To determine the amount of fabric needed for quilt backing, you need to consider the size of your quilt and the width of the fabric you plan to use. There are several methods to calculate the yardage required, but the easiest way is to use an online quilt backing Pot Volume Calculator, such as the Quilt Backing Calculator or the Free Backing and Batting Calculator. These calculators will help you determine the amount of backing fabric needed based on the size of your quilt and the width of the fabric.

What are the dimensions required for quilt backing relative to the quilt size?

The dimensions required for quilt backing depend on the size of your quilt. As a general rule, the backing fabric should be at least 4-6 inches larger than the quilt top on all sides. For example, if your quilt top measures 60 x 80 inches, your backing fabric should measure at least 68 x 88 inches. This extra fabric allows for any shifting during quilting and ensures that the quilt will be square and even.

Is there a standard formula to calculate yardage for quilt backing?

There is no standard formula to calculate yardage for quilt backing, as it depends on the size of your quilt and the width of the fabric you plan to use. However, you can use a simple formula to calculate the amount of fabric needed:

Backing Fabric Yardage = (Quilt Width + 8 inches) x (Quilt Length + 8 inches) / 36

This formula assumes that you are using fabric that is 42-44 inches wide. If you are using wider fabric, you can adjust the formula accordingly.

How can I calculate quilt backing from wide fabric?

If you are using wide fabric, such as 108-inch wide fabric, you can avoid seams in the backing. To calculate the yardage needed, take the quilt width and add at least 8 inches to the measurement. Then, multiply this adjusted width by the quilt length, also with an added 8 inches. Next, divide the total by 108 to convert it into yardage. For example, if your quilt measures 60 x 80 inches, you would need 3.7 yards of 108-inch wide fabric.

What’s the best way to measure fabric for a quilt backing?

The best way to measure fabric for a quilt backing is to use a rotary cutter, cutting mat, and ruler. Lay the fabric out on the cutting mat and use the ruler to measure the required dimensions. Use the rotary cutter to cut the fabric to size, being careful to keep the edges straight and even. If you are using multiple pieces of fabric for the backing, be sure to align the selvage edges and sew them together with a 1/2 inch seam allowance.

How much extra backing fabric should be allowed for quilting?

It is recommended to allow at least 4-6 inches of extra backing fabric on all sides of the quilt top for quilting. This allows for any shifting during quilting and ensures that the quilt will be square and even. If you plan to have your quilt professionally quilted, be sure to check with the quilter for their specific requirements.